The White Mountains range in New Hampshire spans the north-central portion of the state, with Mount Washington the tallest in the northeastern U.S. – site of the second-highest wind speed ever recorded – and other mountains like Mount Madison and Mount Adams surrounding it. The White Mountain National Forest links the Vermont and Maine portions of the Appalachian Trail, and has the Mount Washington Auto Road, where visitors may drive to the top of 6,288-foot (1,917 m) Mount Washington. Other activities include observing the fall foliage, summer cottages along many lakes and the seacoast, motor sports at the New Hampshire Motor Speedway, and Motorcycle Week, a popular motorcycle rally held in Weirs Beach in Laconia. It has some of the highest ski mountains on the East Coast and is a major destination for winter sports Mount Monadnock is among the most climbed mountains in the U.S. With its mountainous and heavily forested terrain, New Hampshire has a growing tourism sector centered on outdoor recreation. New Hampshire ranks among the top ten states in metrics such as governance, healthcare, socioeconomic opportunity, and fiscal stability. It is one of only nine states without an income tax, and has no taxes on sales, capital gains, or inheritance consequently, its overall tax burden is the lowest in the U.S. In the 21st century, New Hampshire is among the wealthiest states in the U.S., with the seventh highest median household income and some of the lowest rates of poverty, unemployment, and crime. Beginning in the 1980s, its population surged as major highways connected it to the Greater Boston and led to more bedroom communities. Since 1950, its economy has heavily diversified to include financial and professional services, real estate, education, and transportation, with manufacturing still higher than the national average. Reflecting a nationwide trend, New Hampshire's industrial sector declined after the Second World War. The Merrimack and Connecticut rivers were lined with industrial mills, most of which employed workers from Canada and Europe French Canadians formed the most significant influx of immigrants, and today roughly a quarter of all New Hampshire residents claim French American ancestry, second only to Maine. After the war, the state saw rapid industrialization and population growth, becoming a center of textile manufacturing, shoemaking, and papermaking the Amoskeag Manufacturing Company in Manchester was at one time the largest cotton textile plant in the world. Through the mid-19th century, New Hampshire was an active center of abolitionism, and fielded close to 32,000 men for the Union during the U.S. Constitution, bringing that document into effect. In June 1788, it was the ninth state to ratify the U.S. In January 1776, it became the first of the British North American colonies to establish an independent government and its own state constitution six months later, it signed the United States Declaration of Independence and contributed troops, ships, and supplies in the war against Britain. Following mounting tensions between the British colonies and the crown during the 1760s, New Hampshire saw one of the earliest overt acts of rebellion, with the seizing of Fort William and Mary from the British in 1774. The Province of New Hampshire was established in 1629, named after the English county of Hampshire. Europeans arrived in the early 17th century, with the English establishing some of the earliest nonindigenous settlements. New Hampshire was inhabited for thousands of years by Algonquian-speaking peoples such as the Abenaki. It is best known nationwide for holding the first primary (after the Iowa caucus) in the U.S. New Hampshire's motto, " Live Free or Die", reflects its role in the American Revolutionary War its nickname, "The Granite State", refers to its extensive granite formations and quarries. Concord is the state capital, while Manchester is the largest city. states, New Hampshire is the fifth smallest by area and the tenth least populous, with slightly more than 1.3 million residents. It is bordered by Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Gulf of Maine to the east, and the Canadian province of Quebec to the north. New Hampshire ( HAMP-shər) is a state in the New England region of the United States.
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